Synthetic Leather Backing/Substrate

Synthetic Leather Backing/Substrate

Synthetic leather base fabric is a type of artificial leather made from needle-punched nonwoven fabric as the substrate, which then undergoes a series of processes including resin treatment and setting. It effectively simulates the structure of natural leather and mostly uses microfibers as raw materials.

Synthetic leather can be broadly classified into suede leather and grained leather. It is widely used in both apparel and non-apparel industries. The non-apparel sector is developing particularly rapidly, mainly including shoe uppers, bags, balls, upholstery fabrics, automotive seat cushions, wall decorations, golf and other sports gloves, and luggage.

Synthetic leather must possess the following characteristics: 1. High density; 2. Smooth surface (free of needle marks or other defects); 3. High abrasion resistance; 4. High strength and delamination resistance; 5. High tensile strength. A typical production line generally consists of eight needle punching machines from pre-needling to finishing. Pre-needling directly affects the quality of the final product, so the selection and operation of pre-needling needles are critical. Since the fiber layer entering the pre-needling stage is thick and fluffy, it should be carefully flattened and then subjected to proper needle punching to avoid stretching the fibers. The commonly used pre-needling density ranges from 50 to 80 punches per square centimeter.

The main needling stage is usually equipped with multiple needle punching machines, and the needle type for each machine can vary based on actual needs. As the fabric moves forward, the efficiency of each successive machine decreases, and the needling depth also reduces sequentially. This ensures fabric smoothness and achieves the required density. The needling density of the main needle punching machines generally ranges between 1,000 and 3,000 punches per square centimeter.

Needle Recommendations:
No.	Needle Number	Needle Type	Gauge	Length	Remark
1	15X18X38X3.5 R333 D2182	Triangular needle	38G	3.5"	Pre-needling
2	15X18X38X3.5 R222 D3161	Triangular needle	38G	3.5"	Pre-needling
3	15X18X38X3.5 R222 D3372	Triangular needle	38G	3.5"	Pre-needling
4	15X17X40X3.5 R222 D53152	Conical needle	40G	3.5"	Pre-needling

1	15X18X40X3 M222 D3162	Triangular needle	40G	3"	Intermediate needling
2	15X18X40X3 R222 D3140	Triangular needle	40G	3"	Intermediate needling
3	15X18X40X3 R222 D3141	Triangular needle	40G	3"	Intermediate needling
4	15X18X40X3 R222 D3162	Triangular needle	40G	3"	Intermediate needling
5	15X18X40X3 R222 D3152	Triangular needle	40G	3"	Intermediate needling

1	15X18X42X3 R111 D3141	Triangular needle	42G	3"	Finish-needling
2	15X18X42X3 R222 D3142	Triangular needle	42G	3"	Finish-needling
3	15X18X42X3 R222 D3340	Triangular needle	42G	3"	Finish-needling

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